Revisiting the TGFβ paradox: insights from HPV-driven cancer and the DNA damage response
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MH Barcellos-Hoff, SS Yom
Nature Reviews Cancer, 2025
nature.com
The transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) paradox refers to the well-established role of TGFβ in suppressing cancer in healthy tissues yet promoting malignancy in established cancers. Although this positioned TGFβ inhibitors as a potential therapeutic strategy for malignancy, therapuetic blockade has failed in multiple clinical trials. The general lack of selection principles for defining which patients would most benefit from the addition of a TGFβ inhibitor has probably hindered its deployment. Here, we highlight the therapeutic potential in TGFβ …